Drug Education
LOCAL DRUGS OF CONCERN
NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO

Morphine
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Morphine
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MORPHINE

Morphine, the principal constituent of opium, can range in concentrations from four to twenty-one percent (note: commercial opium is standardized to contain ten percent morphine). It is one of the most effective drugs known for the relief of pain, and remains the standard against which new analgesics are measured. Morphine is marketed in a variety of forms including oral solutions (Roxanol), sustained-release tablets (MSIR and MS-Contin), suppositories and injectable preparations. It may be administered orally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously, the latter method being the one most frequently used by addicts. Tolerance and physical dependence develop rapidly in the user. Only a small part of the morphine obtained from opium is used directly; most of it is converted to codeine and other derivatives. The pricing for this drug in the Northwest Region is $30.00 - 50.00 per unit.

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